AI for Health by Artefact

🇬🇧 Artificial intelligence–based biomarkers of response to immunotherapy

Description

Artificial intelligence–based biomarkers of response to immunotherapy in patients with non–small-cell lung cancer considering previous lines of treatment. Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer worldwide. The an accurate biomarker is needed to select patients diagnosed with advanced disease and benefiting the most from immunotherapy. KEM (Knowledge Extraction and Management) explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) was used as a tool to systematically extract all association rules between all variables in a database, enabling the identification of subgroups of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with immunotherapy with higher chances of overall survival in the NIVOBIO cohort. Data was retrieved from GEO warehouse (GSE161537) and aggregated into a consolidated database totaling 82 patients and 2,568 variables. A total of 51,306 rules were generated by KEM, and 19 rules involving 3 genes were retained using metrics such as Support (number of examples), Confidence (conditional probability) and Lift (relative probability) and focusing on genes with a consistent signal across rules. This analysis identified 2 genes that were significantly associated with overall survival and previous lines of treatment: SOS2 (p < 0.001) and LIFR (p = 0.020) high expression was associated with improved survival among patients with at least two previous treatment lines, whereas it was associated with poor survival for other patients.